Magnesium oil is a great and healthy way to combat mild skin issues Thanks because Magnesium oil supports your skin's ability to break down fats and oils that can lead to a plethora of minor health concerns
Nourishes & moisturizes skin
ANOTHER WAY TO INTRODUCE MAGNESIUM INTO YOUR SYSTEM - While taking a high dose oral magnesium supplement certainly isn't frowned upon, it can have minor side effects like loose bowel movements.
FORMULATED WITH SCIENCE, CRAFTED WITH CARE: Based in Fargo, ND, our team of pharmacists, scientists, food nutritionists & quality experts ensure that every product is tested.
OUR QUALITY & HERITAGE - We're control freaks.in a good way! For nearly 5 years, Swanson Health has delivered science-backed health products worldwide. In 1969, we began in Fargo, ND with a mission to offer wellness solons that help people live simply healthier together. Our facilities are Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) certified, and our purity and potency testing includes independent third-party labs. Clinical research, scientific consensus and usage traditions guide our innovation.

Linda G. Shelnutt (comprador verificado) –
LIFE RESTORING MAGNESIUM
This is one of two products on Amazon I considered purchasing, the other option being, Ancient Minerals Ultra Pure Magnesium Oil 8 oz.. It appeared that each of these 8 oz bottles held the same oil with the same percentage of magnesium chloride to water, but I couldn’t determine that percentage precisely because neither product specified the balance on the buying pages. I highly recommend either of these products.I also recommend reading reviews posted on other mg oil offerings, for info on types of uses which have been successful. I had read those, in addition to having made Google searches on mg chloride brine water prior to looking for the actual product I would purchase. Of course I’m faithful to Amazon, buying here whenever possible, due to this company’s awesome venues available to authors for publishing and promoting their books; and due to Amazon’s easy, extensive, economical availability of nearly anything anyone could need or want. I also buy here due to the valued assistance and plethora of useful information in customer reviews.As you know if you’ve researched magnesium oil (which is not a true oil but feels like one), many people with severe magnesium deficiencies are using this type of oil transdermally to get around the difficulties of ingestion of various types of magnesium preparations. Mg deficiencies are becoming more and more prevalent, in addition to an increased awareness of the vital necessity of this mineral for health and maintenance of nearly ALL bodily functions. According to research, magnesium is found in and on bones, muscles, tissues, and cells; but it is not prevalent enough in blood to be determined as deficient via blood testing. I would recommend doing various Google searches on magnesium to discover how individuals have worked with this mineral in various ways to alleviate a variety of severe health issues.I believe that magnesium deficiency shows itself in different ways in different individuals, possibly due to the uniqueness of each individual’s habits and needs (and possibly due to individual differences in a “Dynamic Chemical Balance Default” or “DCBD”, which is my term for an evolving concept I’m working on). In my case, the barometers of deficiency show up most dramatically in heavy cramping of abdominal and back muscles, sometimes hands and feet, even neck and jaw. The deficiency also shows itself through shortness of breath, anxiety, and lower quality of sleep. I have been taking mg oxide in tablet form for several months and have received minimal (but adequate) and slightly increasing relief of symptoms from ingestion of 1500 mg /day taken in tablet form evenings and mornings (the side effect of loose or liquid bowel movement is a blessing and feels more normal to me, and to my holistic doctor friend, than previous types of “regularity”). I decided against use of “Slow Mag” or types of mg capsules which have a higher percentage of calcium to magnesium, because it has recently been determined (more like speculated, but I agree with this) that the body needs a higher percentage of magnesium, in order for calcium and other minerals to work properly, and because calcium can work against magnesium if the balance of Calcium is higher.Since I could see that any ingestion method would likely take some time to develop or “open” the body’s ability to absorb the mineral, I wondered if I might find a magnesium essential oil of some type which I could apply on my skin.Allow me to interject a sideline of information which relates directly to the body’s (in) ability to assimilate ingested magnesium. I have been aware for quite some time that most foods are now impregnated with soybean products, through a great variety of methods:Through feeding of animals; through pharming efforts (yes, that’s a correct spelling; Google that term and you’ll feel like you’ve stepped into an X-Files movie); through genetic alteration of grown foods; and through additives to foods sold (actually pushed, often through cholesterol phobia) to grocers and restaurants. I’ve read reports from a variety of doctors and scientists who believe firmly and frighteningly that soybean products give a strong (basically an overdose) estrogen effect (causing premature sexual development, aging and other ailments); and that soybean products are toxic anti-nutrients which block minerals (including magnesium) from being absorbed or assimilated through the intestines (Google “soy” and “harm” and/or read my op-ed on Soy in my book, The DAYS of COFFEE & DONUTS: Non Toxic Soapbox Satire: Who or What is De-Kindling Life? (Nonfiction).In addition to the reported detrimental effects of overdoses of soy products, even light studies will expose that most of the additives (even the purportedly “natural” ones) in foods debilitate the variety of fats and oils (yes including cholesterol, which is a vitally needed nutrient) which the body needs for most functions it performs, including storage of minerals and vitamins essential for not only basic functions, but for stress or extra ordinary demands of the body when more of these minerals, especially magnesium, are required immediately and desperately, sometimes for an extended period.If you’re interested, take a minute to Google the food additive, “Citric Acid” (aka Sodium Citrate). It has been used in cigarette paper to keep it burning when the smoker isn’t puffing. It is also known to break bonds in fat molecules. If cholesterol phobia had any truth to it (I believe there is no truth to that decades pushed phobia), I could see why this might sound good. However, it is my assumption and speculation that when the bonds in fat molecules are broken (or in oil, etc.), they will not have capacity to store the vitamins and minerals they are meant to store. Where’s magnesium when you need it? It’s been depleted due to oils, fats, etc., being debilitated every which way by nearly every food additive currently used in all prepared foods, including basic cow’s milk, cream, and butter. When citric acid isn’t added to foods, phosphates are (often both are added plus other “items” which debilitate needed oils), which accomplish the same dissolution of fats and oils, as you can see when you use soap or detergent to wash grease from pans. The soap (phosphates) dissolves the fat, which becomes water soluble and washes away. That’s great for external cleaning of culinary utensils (if you rinse them well), but it’s not healthful for internal bodily functions which need fully bonded and functioning fats and oils for many vital necessities, including for storing essential nutrients. Within this current, horrifyingly misguided food and drug (anti-cholesterol drugs, etc.) preparation system and situation, a person could weigh several hundred pounds and still have no useable fats or oils in his system.A friend of mine recently suffered the death of a daughter in her 30’s. The daughter, according to the report from her physician, had been given (by a different physician) a new medication which surprised everyone by suddenly depleting the magnesium in her system. Upon retiring for the night, the woman died, from one heartbeat to the next. According to most current speculation, Magnesium releases or relaxes muscles, while Calcium tenses them. According to the reports, the woman’s heart contracted, but wouldn’t release, due to the sudden depletion of magnesium. She died in minutes.I’m thankful for this magnesium oil, and for its reasonable price. I’ve been using it for about a week and am definitely noticing a decrease in symptoms which I’ve learned to associate with magnesium deficiency. The positive results are much more dramatic than I’ve received from ingesting the mg tabs.Now I can sneeze, cough, and move suddenly without the feeling (and fearing) that my entire body is going to fall into (and has in the past) a severe cramping attack. I’m sleeping much more normally and soundly, for longer periods at a time. Sometimes I sleep peacefully, with good dreams, for 6 or 8 hrs straight! I can breathe normally most of the time, and only once in a while now I notice the lead heart feeling or an anxiety level need to get a huge yawn or take a deeper breath, which I can’t seem to do. When I’ve felt the magnesium input take hold in my system, which it does suddenly at times, the only way I can describe the enormously welcome sensation is of suddenly being NORMAL, STRONG, RIGHT, and CLEAR.At some point, I might try some of the other mg oil products, to compare to this one, but so far, I’m VERY pleased with this one. The “oil” seems to work best when applied on my skin after a hot shower, with the pores open. I sometimes spray it all over my body and leave it on. Other times I just spray it over my chest, abdomen, and tops of my feet. Sometimes it itches mildly for a while, but the feeling passes. Others have noted having more of a skin irritation upon initial uses, but I have not had this problem. Possibly this preparation has a lower percentage of mg to water than others, but the oily feel is definitely strong enough to allow me to believe I’m getting enough Mg concentration. [Update: 2/24/10: I now know that this solution is saturated and pure, so it has as much Magnesium Chloride as possible; it has as much or more than other magnesium oils available. See comments posted under this review. ] I do wish the products labeling would give this percentage information.Thank you Swanson and Amazon for this economical offering of this life restoring product,Linda Shelnutt
AndreaP. (comprador verificado) –
Very effective!
I’ve got adrenal fatigue, and, as often accompanies this condition, a severe magnesium deficiency. Magnesium is crucial for healthy adrenal function. During times of stress, either emotional or physical, the adrenal glands are called on to respond to the stressor, namely via the production of cortisol and adrenaline, among other hormones. You can imagine that if the diet is producing an inadequate supply of magnesium, one would run out fairly quickly. When these tiny glands malfunction, chronic illness can occur. This is where I’m at. I was popping magnesium citrate supplements like crazy all day long and eating foods rich in Mg, to no avail. All I wound up with was diarrhea. I wasn’t obtaining results at all and continued to feel crummy.I was digging around online when I saw the term “transdermal magnesium.” Intrigued, I looked into it. Then I came to amazon.com, because I feel the reviews here are authentic and I can trust what people are saying. I decided I had nothing to lose and bought some.As soon as it arrived, I wasted no time and applied it all over my body. I won’t lie; this “oil” stings and/or itches, especially on a cut or wound of any kind. But it also heals the cuts very quickly. I didn’t feel anything happening the first time I used it, but during the second time, all of a sudden I felt a warmth underneath my skin (presumably in my bloodstream), and I felt like someone had “plugged me in.” [Note – adrenal fatigue occurs when the adrenal glands’ cells are devoid of the necessary mineral reserves to sustain them, so you just sorta fizzle out. It’s no fun, believe me.] My energy didn’t soar through the roof or anything, but for me, I knew that I was onto something.I’ve been using it 2x/day for several months now, and I refuse to be without it. It goes where I go. I sleep much more soundly, whereas before I had trouble falling and staying asleep. The anxiety that I suffered for a decade is also so much better. I feel more alert and more in control of my thoughts. It’s also eliminated the heart palpitations that accompany adrenal fatigue. I could not be more pleased with this product.By supplementing orally, it can take a year or even longer to replenish the cells’ Mg reserves. I’ve read that using transdermal Mg, replenishment can occur in as little as a few months. While my case is extreme, I have no doubt that healthy folks would benefit from this too. In my opinion, we are all likely Mg deficient to some degree. For optimal health and vitality, we could all use more powerful magnesium! And, as we all know, our food quality these days is subpar and just not supplying us with everything that we need.UPDATE 2/12/12:True to what I’ve read, I was able to stop using this oil after only a few months. So, even in my extremely depleted (read: stressed) state, this oil was able to build my Mg reserves back up in a very short time. Now I make sure to eat a lot of bone broth, organ meats, and I juice veggies everyday. A few weeks ago, I applied some Mg oil again to ensure I still have a sufficient supply, and I didn’t feel any difference. So it seems that I’m able to obtain the magnesium I need from my diet once again. I’m grateful for this transdermal oil; I believe it would have taken me much longer to build up my reserves if I had only used the oral form of supplementation.
sb885 (comprador verificado) –
simply amazing
I found this product online the other day and after reading about it on multiple sites, i thought id give it a try.I dont know that i agree with the directions and the recommended 4-5 sprays per use, unless youre ready to stand around naked for 20 minutes and allow it all to soak in.I personally first gave it a try on my feet. I figured since we have thousands of sweat glands on our feet, we have thousands of opportunities for rapid absorption..? i sprayed once into my palm and then rubbed it into the soles of my feet until it was mostly absorbed, and then followed up with a second spray. my feet were a bit oily still, so i had to keep them up in the air for a while (which is why i couldnt even imagine spraying my feet 4-5 times). after a few minutes i notice my hands feel like they do after the beach…coated with salt and dry. which, again, is why i couldnt imagine spraying any more on myself, because i think my hands would be that much more dry and salty. i did this at night, about 10 pm, when i normally go to sleep between 12-2am. within 20 minutes i noticed that im slouching over on the couch, barely keeping my eyes open. and it hit me…the relaxing effects set in! and that just amazed me. im usually wired until pretty late in the night, but this took care of it almost immediately.Then i remeber reading reviews where people mentioned they used it for rashes and acne..perfect. so i sprayed 2 sprays into my palm again and took my finger and applied the oil to the “problem spots” on my face. i felt a little bit if tingling, but the kind that lets you know it’s working- nothing major or painful at all (like some reviews said), which in itself is a miracle. I have extremely sensitive skin, I get rashes from the heat, from scented lotions…from almost anything that isnt 100% organic and natural. i knew i was taking a risk by putting this on my face, but i did it anyway. and im glad i did. you can feel it working. its similar to what you see when putting hydrogen peroxide on a wound, what you see is it working and absorbing the material. well you cant see it with the magnesium oil, but you sure can feel it. so after rubbing it in for a few minutes i let the rest sink in..after 30 min i washed my face. no salt water ran into my eyes, my face wasnt red or in a defensive state…my skin actually looked very good, the problem spots weren’d red any longer, and they didnt seem as big and painful. so i applied a teeny tiny dot to eat spot again before bed, thinking if its tiny i wont have to wash it. and in the morning…my face transformed. spots that were healing were nearly the color of my skin, and new spots were visibly diminished in size and redness..it was amazing! I know not everyones skin is the same, but for those of you looking for a new product to help you rid your face of acne, this is what i recommend trying next!
Ursula K (comprador verificado) –
Superior packaging, wondrous oil for RLS!
This is the third mag oil I have tried, the others worked effectively but otherwise weren’t so great, one had to be shaken to dissolve crystals, and after a month the roll-on top fell off (also to someone else, must be the effect of the stuff on plastic) with some spilling. The other product worked almost as quickly, had a pull-out top that was better, but had a funky, wet-dog smell (didn’t last but unpleasant).This oil is silky, absorbs nicely, and the spray bottle seems like it is superior in design to the roll-on. Best of all, no weird smell. I use transdermal magnesium to target areas where my muscles are tight and when I get restless legs. If my RLS wakes me at night, I apply the mag in that area of twitching, and usually have no further episodes. I have realized that if I just let my hands dry, I get prune fingers, so I would wash it off right away.One night I used so much, almost all over, that I had loose bowels the next day (actually not a bad thing for me, but certainly a sign I had gotten enough).I read others’ reviews and am sure mag deficiency is a huge, underdiagnosed problem. Testing the blood doesn’t show if your muscles or organs are deprived to the point of poor health. If you have muscle cramps, you are surely lacking mag, and this is better than a pill – you will see results within 20 minutes, I have! If you take oral supplements, most is not absorbed, and it goes all over, and not to where you most need it. Thank God blood circulates through the heart or more people would have heart attacks, from deficiency. So if your muscles are twitching, probably you need it in other areas too.I did some research to see if this type of salt leads to water retention, as sodium chloride does, but was surprised to read, it does the opposite, and is good for those with edema. There may be cautions for those on medication.Another caution I have concerns the chloride that rises when you use a lot of magnesium chloride, as I have. I recently developed afib and these heart irregularities caused me to go to the ER and have electrolytes tested. Although my potassium, mag, and sodium came back relatively low, my chloride is relatively high. This is my sole concern about using this product to excess, as I have. This is much too new a product for docs to have a handle on it, so if you need mag all over, perhaps alternating with epsom salts, a sulphur compound, would be wiser.Cautions aside, this is a God-send for me, and I now am moving beyond just treating RLS and tightness, to seeing if it helps with my balance problems. i use it on my ears, since I am over 60 and perhaps my balance problems are made worse by inner ear muscles not being as flexible. I read about the structure of the ear and there are tiny muscles that flex when you tilt to give you feedback. I know doctors would tell me the balance issue is my MS, but they also would tell me, twitching is too. So there.Now I know why bathing in mineral springs is so good for you, and also why epsom salt baths are good. Absorption through the skin is far and away better than taking a supplement. However, what it does to the brain is not something I know about, and i would be cautious using it around the face – people that abuse bath salts are snorting (or smoking?) these salts, a direct path to the brain, and this is obviously not good.I have a 2-year-old friend who has constipation frequently, and the doctor prescribed milk of magnesia. But she won’t take it. So now, she puts some transdermal mag on a cotton ball and rubs it on her belly and to her lower back. It helps. Her only mistake was one day, she devilishly decided to apply it to her private area, against her mother’s scolding, and did that hurt! She won’t do that again. Don’t apply to sores, mucous membranes, although I read that some people dilute it and gargle or brush teeth with it.
Vanilla Sky (comprador verificado) –
Truly effective. Give it time.
After reading this excerpt by Walter Last I decided to try this a year ago. I dont use mine transdermal. I actually spray it into my drinking water. about 0.5 ML in every Bottle of water I drink. I have had amazing results especially with my sleep, energy and digestion. Heres the article I read:Magnesium Oil is a concentrated and nearly saturated solution of magnesium chloride in water. It is called “oil” because of the smooth oily feeling when rubbed onto the skin. Commonly magnesium chloride is derived from seawater, either directly through evaporation, from the Dead Sea, or from ancient underground reservoirs (e.g. ‘Zechstein’). Magnesium chloride derived from seawater is regarded as being food-grade by the FDA.Magnesium oil is reasonably well absorbed through the skin to relax tense muscles, and improve back problems and arthritic joints. For oral intake it should be well diluted, but for transdermal application concentrated magnesium oil may be used as packs and rubs. One teaspoonful or 5 ml of magnesium oil contain about 600 mg of magnesium. This is the same amount of magnesium as in one rounded teaspoonful of hydrated magnesium chloride flakes. It has a bitter-salty taste and a mildly laxative effect.To improve or maintain your health you may use up to 600 mg of magnesium daily in divided doses with meals, well diluted in a drink or mixed with food. With raised blood pressure, calcifications and other symptoms of magnesium deficiency you may use 600 mg orally in addition to any transdermal application of magnesium oil for arthritis or muscle relaxation. With low blood pressure you may use about 300 mg of magnesium daily in addition to some extra calcium. As a source of calcium you may dissolve some self-made eggshell powder in citrus juice or vinegar. Actual amounts are not important as the body absorbs only as much as it needs.Individuals with very sensitive taste buds may start oral use of magnesium oil in tiny amounts mixed with strongly flavoured food, and increase doses very gradually. You may start adding one drop to a drink or mixed with a meal. If that is alright, then next time add two drops, and then three until it starts tasting unpleasant. Cut back temporarily, but after another week or two you may not taste it anymore and you can start adding further drops until you reach the desired intake.While for some conditions it can be helpful to take a larger amount of diluted magnesium oil and wash it down with a drink, you need to be careful as this may upset the stomach. For everyday use I recommend adding it in small doses to food and drink so that magnesium is present in amounts that would normally be present in water and food with a high mineral content. This corresponds to an upper limit of 200 mg or one third of a level teaspoonful of magnesium oil per meal. It definitely should not taste unpleasant, and in most cases the actual amount used every day is not that important.Magnesium oil may also be used as a pack over tumours and infected, inflamed, painful, stiff or calcified joints, muscles, adhesions or scar tissue. While over inflamed areas it is best used cold, over stiff joints, adhesions or painful muscles it is more effective if used hot. A magnesium oil pack may be kept warm for one to two hours with a hot water bottle or you may rub concentrated magnesium oil onto the affected area and irradiate with an infrared lamp.Instead of using it concentrated or hot, magnesium absorption through the skin can be greatly increased by mixing it with DMSO, an organic solvent with antioxidant properties. You may mix equal parts of magnesium oil and concentrated or 70% DMSO and apply it over problem areas. For treating larger skin areas you may also use both in a much more diluted form. For additional skin improvement possibly add some glycerine and/or sodium ascorbate.Do not use industrial grade DMSO but rather pharmaceutical grade or for use as laboratory reagent. Glass bottles are preferable, but HDPE (#2) containers are generally considered to be safe as they do not leach bisphenol A or other monomers. Even analytic grade DMSO is stored and supplied in HDPE drums, and DMSO stored in HDPE is also safe for work with cell cultures. DMSO sold in glass bottles has previously been stored in HDPE drums. Therefore I do not see a problem using DMSO in HDPE bottles.It is also good to use a weak solution of magnesium oil as a back rub and all over the body to relax tense muscles anywhere, and even to rejuvenate ageing skin. For sensitive skin always use it in diluted form. If rubbed onto the skin in concentrated form, as over arthritic joints, use some cotton cover to protect your clothing.For general relaxation as well as for back pain and arthritic or muscle pain and stiffness you may also add some magnesium oil or magnesium chloride flakes to a hot bath; especially relaxing is a hot foot bath before bedtime. You may make the foot bath rather concentrated and re-heat the solution for subsequent use.
Nancy (comprador verificado) –
This stuff truly is amazing. I had been reading about magnesium oil and …
This stuff truly is amazing. I had been reading about magnesium oil and thought I’d give it a try for some achy joints. I chose this brand because I’ve used other products from them and the price was great. Here’s my experience so far (I’ve been using it almost 3 months):I have had pain in one knee (only at night) for years and the last few months have been wearing a knee brace so I could sleep, and was also taking Ibuprofen every night. This wasn’t an overnight fix, but after a couple of weeks I realized I had no more pain in my knee. I really can’t believe it as it has been an issue for at least 5 years.I recently burned my hand on an oven rack. I was a professional chef for over 25 years and have had more burns than I care to admit. I know how long they take to heal and they always leave a scar that seems to take forever to go away. Well, this burn didn’t seem like anything so I didn’t treat it. Next day, I had 2 big ugly red burns on the top of my hand on my knuckles. I did my twice daily sprays of magnesium oil and rubbed the rest into my hands, like I always do. Next day I could not believe how my burn looked. It was like it was healing right before my eyes. Then I rubbed the spray into my burn several times a day & I swear it just disappeared faster than any burn I’ve ever had. It was completely healed in several days and after 2 weeks there was no trace of it at all.Next I had some scratches on my forearm from pruning bushes; rubbed in the oil and watched them disappear quickly. My hands have been looking so good after using this that I’ve started putting it on my face and at night (might be wishful thinking, but I’m testing it to see if it will help my almost 60 yr old skin!).Magnesium oil has really worked for me. I have ordered it for my mother and my mother-in-law, and have shared it with friends. I keep a bottle in my shower and one on my night stand. Here’s what I do: I shower, towel dry, then spray it on any achy parts (knees, ankles), and on my chest & neck, rub it in, then I put on my lotion. If I have a cut or burn, I’d use it several times a day. At night I spray it into my hands and apply it to my face & neck, then I spray it on my knees and feet and rub it in. I use it twice a day, every day.A couple of things I don’t care for – it does sting a little, though this sensation goes away quickly. Not sure if kids would go for it because of this. Also, I notice this mostly when I put it on my feet at night, it has a sort of chalky feel to it, which I don’t like. I’ve gotten used to both of these issues, but you should know about it.I’m not saying the underlying issue with my knee has been cured, but I have no pain anymore, and no need for Ibuprofen either. I don’t know how it works, but it does for me and I’ll be using this the rest of my life, that’s for sure. I would highly recommend this product and would advise you to use it religiously for at least several weeks or months before deciding if you like it or not. You will probably be nicely surprised on what it does!
Amazon Customer (comprador verificado) –
Four Stars
Easy to use, recommend.
InkBlots (comprador verificado) –
This isn’t an “oil”. The solution works extremely well to stop and/or prevent muscle cramping.
I was under the impression I was purchasing an actual oil with the consistency similar to other bottles of liquid that are advertised as being “oil”. My choice of a 3 star rating relates completely to the fact that I allowed myself to be misled by the name of the product, “Magnesium Oil”. However, as it says on the bottle, this isn’t an oil… it is a magnesium and rock star water solution. That being said, spray it onto cramping muscles and it WORKS well… muscle cramps disappear almost immediately. Also, when mixed with a carrier lotion substance to make a magnesium enhanced lotion to apply before going to bed, the solution is very successful at preventing sleep interrupting muscle cramps altogether. Very glad to have purchased this product.
hecklerpix (comprador verificado) –
The product works – would actually give it a 4.5 star rating.
Found within a matter of a few days that I was falling asleep faster & deeper. I had taken Magnesium orally before but never topically. Since our skin is our largest organ, it makes sense that the benefits would be so rapid.I use it about an hour before bedtime so that it fully absorbs.It is not greasy but it does take some time to penetrate.I don’t find that it makes my skin soft. Actually the salt crystals in it kind of dries my skin. But the benefits of pain relief & deep sleep far outweigh the downside for me.I think the price point is excellentNote: that in the beginning you might find some stinging or itching sensation. I read that it may be caused by a magnesium deficiency. That sensation goes away quickly if you do encounter it.